Logic as a Tool

This textbook, written in a concise yet user-friendly style, will guide the reader in understanding and mastering the use of classical logic as a tool for performing logically correct reasoning. It offers a systematic and precise exposition of classical logic on both propositional and first-order level with many examples and exercises and only the necessary minimum of theory. Most of the exercises are provided with answers or detailed solutions. The book explains the grammar, semantics, and use of classical logical languages and teaches the reader how to grasp the meaning and translate the formulae of classical logic to and from natural language. It illustrates with many detailed examples the use of the most popular deductive systems - axiomatic systems, semantic tableaux, natural deduction, and resolution - for formalizing and automating logical reasoning and provides the reader with the technical skills needed for practical derivations. Systematic guidelines are offered on how to